Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris).
Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) is a perennial herb that has a rich history dating back to ancient times. It is native to Europe, Asia, and North America and has been used for various purposes such as medicinal, culinary, and in brewing beer. It is known for its aromatic leaves and stems that have a bitter taste and a slightly pungent scent.
Historically, mugwort has been associated with protection and healing. The Roman naturalist Pliny the Elder wrote about its use as a remedy for various ailments, and it was also used by the Greeks and Romans to protect travelers from evil spirits and fatigue. In medieval Europe, it was a popular ingredient in herb bundles known as "mug worts," which were used to keep moths out of clothing and to ward off diseases.
To sow mugwort seeds:
1. **Timing**: Mugwort seeds can be sown in the late winter or early spring, when the ground is thawing but before the last frost date, or in the late summer or early fall.
2. **Preparation**: Before sowing, prepare the soil by clearing it of debris and weeds, and lightly working it to ensure good drainage. Mugwort prefers a sunny to partially shaded area with moist, fertile soil.
3. **Sowing**: Mugwort seeds are tiny and should be scattered thinly on the surface of the soil, as they need light to germinate. You can mix the seeds with fine sand to make it easier to distribute them evenly. Gently press the seeds into the soil to ensure good contact but do not cover them with soil.
4. **Watering**: Water the seeds well but do not let the soil become waterlogged. Keep the soil moist but not soggy during the germination period, which typically takes 14 to 30 days.
5. **Germination**: Once the seeds have germinated, the seedlings can be thinned to about 12 to 18 inches apart. Mugwort can be aggressive, so it's a good idea to give each plant enough space to grow without overcrowding.
6. **Care**: Mugwort is relatively low maintenance and does not require a lot of care once established. It does well in poor to average soil and prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH. It can tolerate drought conditions but will do best with regular watering.
7. **Transplanting**: If you are starting the seeds indoors, wait until the last frost date and the seedlings have at least two sets of true leaves before transplanting them outdoors. Make sure to harden off the seedlings by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions over a period of about two weeks.
8. **Propagation**: Mugwart can also be propagated by division in the spring or fall, or by rooting stem cuttings in water or moist soil.
Mugwart is known for its medicinal and culinary uses. It has been used to treat digestive issues, stimulate menstruation, and as a mild sedative. It is also a key ingredient in some traditional beers, particularly gruits, which are beers flavored with a variety of herbs.
In modern times, it is often used as a natural insect repellent and can be found in some herbal teas and tinctures. However, it is important to note that mugwart can be toxic in large quantities and should not be consumed without proper knowledge or guidance from a professional. It is also considered an invasive species in some areas, so it's essential to monitor its growth and prevent it from spreading to unwanted areas.
Summary.
Mugwort is a perennial herb that has a rich history dating back to ancient times and use for culinary and apothecary purposes. Mugwort seeds can be sown in late winter or early spring, or late summer/early autumn. Sow the tiny seeds thinly, mixing fine sand for even distribution and sow into a seedbed or tray. Water the seeds well but avoid saturation during the germination period, which typically takes 14 to 30 days. Thin or transplant the seedlings 12 to 18 inches apart to grow on. Mugwort is a low maintenance herb, preferring a slightly acidic to neutral pH soil and can tolerate drought.
Do not use for medicinal purpose without expert medical advice.